作者：开侯帝 来源：原创 发布日期：08-23
一 | 美国知名人工智能学者加里·马库斯（Gary Marcus）7月20日在个人博客发文称，中国人工智能模型已“几乎追平”美国最先进水平，美国不可能在这场AI竞赛中“获胜”，华盛顿应停止将AI视为零和博弈，转而探索国际合作与公共产品路径。 "Remember what happened in 1983? Two days after 241 Marines were blown up in Lebanon, the USA invaded tiny Grenada. Overnight, the previous headlines disappeared. I think we are seeing the same today. NATO is losing badly in Ukraine and it’s going to be a long winter for the West. Pounding its imperial chest with Taiwan is now what the MSM is reporting, much less so Ukraine," suggests Jeff J. Brown, author of "The China Trilogy," editor at China Rising Radio Sinoland, and curator of the Bioweapon Truth Commission.,If Pelosi travels to Taiwan, this would be the first time a high-ranking US politician visits the place in 25 years. Last time it was Newt Gingrich, then-speaker of the US House of Representatives, who arrived on the island in 1997, ignoring the Chinese leadership's discontent.,"I said firmly, 'We want you to understand, we will defend Taiwan. Period,'" Gingrich told the press at the time, as quoted by The New York Times. However, Clinton administration officials made it clear that Gingrich "was speaking for himself.",Likewise, it appears that Pelosi's apparent visit to Taiwan is not in line with the Biden administration's China policy, argues Francesco Sisci, a Beijing-based China expert, author, and columnist.,"American politics is not set like an omniscient Leviathan," the China expert says. "The Congress, the Senate, the executive all move according to different agendas which do not often coincide and are in conflict with one another. The issue is that there is a growing anti-Beijing sentiment in America and this has sometimes bursts which aren’t fully sorted out. I believe the visit is an expression of a sentiment, rather than of a clear cut plan.",According to CNN, Pelosi's initiative has triggered concerns both in the Biden administration and the Pentagon, with US national security officials "quietly working to convince House Speaker Nancy Pelosi of the risks of her potential trip to Taiwan." While in 1997 Beijing and Washington managed to solve the dilemma, this time the PRC leadership might opt for a harsher response, CNN and The Guardian have warned.,US Military Expansion in Asia-Pacific is Part of Plan to Take on Russo-China Tandem, Scholar Says28 July, 16:15 GMT,Washington has been fanning US-Sino tensions for quite a while, starting with Donald Trump's tariff war against Beijing, which has yet to be halted by Joe Biden. In a candid phone conversation, Chinese President Xi Jinping warned his American counterpart against "playing with fire" over Taiwan and explained that any involvement would ultimately backfire on the US.,"A Chinese general has publicly declared that Pelosi’s visit could entail a military response from Beijing," Brown says. "China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs has repeated this. Now, with Xi’s 'You get burned playing with fire' metaphor, I think there would be a military response.",Senior Colonel Tan Kefei, a spokesperson for China's Ministry of Defense, stated on July 26: "If the US insists on taking its own course, the Chinese military will never sit idly by, and it will definitely take strong actions to thwart any external force's interference.",Tan highlighted that Pelosi's visit to Taiwan would "seriously violate the one-China principle" and "seriously harm China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and seriously damage the political foundation of China-US relations.",Meanwhile, Brown surmises that China's hypothetical response "might include a declared no-fly zone." However, there is a "much more elegant option," according to the author:,"[China could] take over Taiwan’s Kinmen Island, which is only two kilometers from Xiamen, off China’s Fujian Province coast. It would take only a few hours. I do not think Beijing will strike any US targets, unless attacked first.",North Korea Ready to Mobilize Nuclear Deterrence Forces at Any Moment - Kim Jong Un28 July, 01:13 GMT,The scholar also does not rule out that the Democratic People's Republic of Korea's (DPRK) remark, made earlier this week, that Pyongyang is “fully prepared” for any military conflict with the United States is no coincidence.,"Does Biden know that China and nuclear-armed North Korea have had a mutual defense treaty since 1961?" Brown asks rhetorically. "NATO is being bled dry in Ukraine and it is imperial folly, hubris or geopolitical brinkmanship to think it can fight East Asia’s biggest and most powerful military, which is only 200 km from Taiwan.",For his part, Sisci believes that the PRC could opt for an asymmetrical non-military response. Still, the unfolding crisis is complicated by the fact that Washington is already involved in a confrontation with Russia, raising questions as to whether the US is capable of taking on Moscow and Beijing at once.,"I don’t think that either China or the US wants an escalation," says Sisci. "The talk between Biden and Xi Jinping was to avoid an escalation.",Brown also believes that Beijing's warnings have been heard by Washington.,"Pelosi’s visit to Taiwan has been bandied about by Washington for months now," he says. "A supposed Covid-19 infection scuttled the first trial balloon. After Biden’s phone call yesterday with Xi, I suspect another American 'postponement' is likely to occur. If not, then 'Katy, bar the door!'"。 马库斯是美国知名人工智能学者、纽约大学名誉教授，长期研究机器学习与认知科学，近年来因主张发展更可靠的通用人工智能而备受关注。 马库斯在博文中提到，中国人工智能公司月之暗面（Moonshot AI）近日发布的Kimi K3模型，在性能上已与美国顶尖模型大体相当，而且采用“开放权重”模式，用户可免费下载并在本地运行。他认为，这一消息是上周美国股市相关板块下跌的原因之一，也再次动摇了OpenAI和Anthropic等公司的商业模式。 2026年7月20日，观众在上海举办的2026世界人工智能大会上参观月之暗面的大模型Kimi展台。IC Photo 他指出，在Kimi K3之前，智谱GLM 5.2、阿里巴巴新一代通义千问模型也已引发广泛关注。 “这不是偶然事件，而是趋势。
二 | ”他写道。
三 | 马库斯表示，他早在2025年初DeepSeek发布后就曾预测：如果美国继续把资源集中投入大语言模型（LLM），就无法取得对中国的决定性优势；最终双方更可能走向“平局”。
四 | 他当时还预测，由于缺乏真正的技术护城河，OpenAI难以实现稳定盈利，英伟达也会面临竞争压力，美国《芯片与科学法案》对遏制中国作用有限，而模型会越来越便宜、高效，但幻觉和可靠性问题仍将长期存在。 “现在看来，这些事情基本都发生了。” 在马库斯看来，美国政府过于接近硅谷，几乎把硅谷关于生成式AI的愿景当成现实，导致战略误判。他批评说，美国“不应该一开始就把全部赌注压在生成式AI上”，因为这一领域从来没有展现出足够强的技术壁垒。 对于当前局面，他建议美国国会展开调查，包括美国为何丧失领先优势、是否过度押注单一技术、知识产权保护是否不足、限制移民是否导致人才流失等。他特别提到，有的中国AI企业创始人曾在美国求学，之后回到中国发展，这值得美国反思。 更重要的是战略选择。马库斯列出了特朗普政府可能考虑的七种方案，包括：不提供补贴、禁止开源、通过监管为美国公司构筑“护城河”、救助大型AI实验室、全面封禁中国模型、将OpenAI和Anthropic收归国有等。 他对其中多数方案持否定态度，尤其反对利用监管手段排挤中国竞争者，认为这会推高价格、压制创新，并伤害美国本土初创企业。 他还反对由政府出资“救助”OpenAI等公司，直言这些企业目前“基本都是亏损项目”，AI行业也尚未证明自身具备可持续盈利能力。 马库斯最终提出，他最支持的方案是放弃“赢得AI战争”的零和思维，推动建立类似欧洲核子研究中心（CERN）的国际AI合作机制，把人工智能建设成全球公共产品。 他回顾称，自己早在2016年就提出建立“AI版CERN”的设想，让各国科学家围绕医学、科学等明确目标开展合作，并向全世界共享成果，而不是由少数国家或企业垄断。
五 | 文章特别提到，中方最近在人工智能大会上重申愿同各国推动人工智能向善普惠发展，为国际讨论打开了一个重要窗口。 “也许现在终于到了认真考虑这件事的时候。
六 | ”他写道，“如果能把AI重新放回公共领域，通过国际合作服务于医学和科学，这或许是目前最有希望的方向。” 马库斯敦促特朗普说，如果他真想获得诺贝尔和平奖，这么做或许是一个契机，并与中国达成合作，把人工智能用于公共利益，将会是一个“送给人类的厚礼”。
七 | 本文系观察者网独家稿件，未经授权，不得转载。
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